CHILD
LABOUR:
--The
Difficult Choice--
Children can be defined as a person who is
under 15 years, or as an exception to a person under the age of 14 years as
contained in article 2.3 of ILO Convention. 38. Meanwhile, according to the UN
Convention on the Rights of the Child, a person is considered a child until the
age of 18 years (Company Code H & M). Special for Indonesia, according to
Law No. 20 Year 1969, the children expressed as a under the age of 15 years
(Alatas, 2006: 1). In connection with the foregoing the next Rajab (2006: 1)
states, medical experts agree that children must a child's physical condition
is still fragile and therefore are required to not be bothered by the
intervention of the food was "haphazard" and a heavy workload. The
state of the child's body is growing to find the form and if growth is to
"perfect", then input their food should be "four of five
perfectly healthy", and a variety of physical activities should be guarded
carefully. Psychologists also saw the child, the child is still an unstable psychological
condition. Emotions and thoughts are far from the "steadiness". In
children, the more "talk" is a spontaneous emotional, reactive,
imitation, and therefore easily influenced. Child's mind has not been able to
do the analysis and reflection in order to take action.
The above statement
implies that, in principle, a person under the age of 15 years do not have a
good physical condition to participate as mental labour. The following of child labour is a risk that must be borne
by the children concerned as well as the development of human resources in the
region. When children are involved as workers, the practical learning process
inhibited even at a standstill. In time the child will lose hope as adequate
human resources with the potential to be developed with all the consequences
that can be achieved while the area where the child then develops will decline,
due to not having a proper human resource potential. Act 13 of 2003 to apply
criminal sanctions against those who employ children in hazardous occupations.
The type of work that contains child hazards include fishing occupations in
static places in the sea, fishing in places moving in the sea, lifting and
transport in oil palm plantations, the finishing in the industry
"wood" carpet, a job in the pan bread, work part crackers drying in
the industry, all kinds of jobs do child labour in the furniture industry,
sewing work at home industry and all the jobs in the plastics industry
(Silalahi, 2004: 1-2).
Understanding of the child can be is defined,
the statute can be specified with any criminal sanctions and given later.
However, how frightening pace. Children are engaged as workers, because of the
fundamental reasons that meet the daily consumption. One thing that may not be
fulfilled, because the exact impact on survival. Go catch fish either in the
river or sea is a risk, a danger which must be redeemed by death. However, is
there a choice? Parents need helpers in the struggle to make a living. So tired after the capture of fish, the elderly require additional
staff in offering has caught to buyers. While the work as scavengers no less
danger to other jobs, child scavengers have come into contact with the dirty
environment, with an unpleasant situation, as they leave time to happily play
with peers, and even leave school.
In particular Asmat
region, Asmat children participating parents get sago in the woods, practically
in contact with the natural environment is very harsh. The physical building
located in the middle of the forest is bevak, while the loom is a kind of
refuge for get sago about three days to
three months without any amenities except the food supplied is then processed
in a simple nature by human hands. Distance from bevak to school is long and
may not be reached by rowing-boat --ci - every morning and evening in the
framework of the learning process. Thus, the process of human resource
development has been hampered through school.
The law could be
applied, but will not be able to impose sanctions on parents who are forced to
involve children as workers, as families are concerned the state of the economy
is very limited and is on a dilemma in hiring children's labour demands of
family life can even be "saved". Although children will be faced with
another problem that is no less serious.
Agats: CITY IN THE
SWAMP
Agats - city on a
swamp - the capital of Asmat regency, Papua province is a life that takes place
on stage houses and wooden bridges. Construction of this building is a behavioural adaptation of natural conditions such as muddy marsh with the tide
of the year. Muddy marshland conditions did not give the possibility for the
public to explore the fountain. Nature has wisely provide clean water with the
rain throughout the year. When it rains, the water will be kept in tension to
be consumed every day. As the capital city of Agats location more convenient to
the entrance of the city Ewer Airport can be reached in fifteen minutes by
using a Speed Boat. As of Timika, Ewer Airport is
a 45-minute flight using a Twin Otter aircraft. The population of the District
as a whole is Agats 6588 souls with an average density of 2.31 per km2 (Source:
Asmat in Figures 2005). Four years later-related division of the district -
this number exploded to 18,073 people, the addition of 12,000 residents living
in the capital city soul Agats. Approximately 69,000 inhabitants of the other
seven districts spread consisting of 132 villages. The addition of population
in urban areas has practically changed the population, expanding urban area
expansion while increasing production of domestic waste.
Household waste
produced population consists of indigenous people, the Asmat and immigrants
from various tribes, the tribes of the nation of Papua, Makassar Bugis, Toraja,
Buton, Java, and Bali. The migrants generally work as a military/police,
civil servants, merchants, and businessmen. Relocation of employees from
Merauke regional expansion in order to increase the population of Asmat regency
immigrants who settled in employee housing provided. While indigenous people
are subsistence society, dependent on the forest as a survival strategy.
Developments and changes provide an opportunity for indigenous people who are
able to work to get a job as civil servants, religious leaders, and are now in
the era of the Special Autonomy is an opportunity for the children of the
region as officials structural and political officials. On appeal the other
villages, the town has a composition Agats more diverse population with more
complex life. As the central government has extensive interaction with the
outside community as well as the administrators of the level of activity is
higher, the rate of waste production is also high.
Waste produced
regularly shaped housing residents of houses on stilts with wood base materials
of iron. All types of waste dumped into the mud and rubbish including soft
drinks, the cans are still functioning. City residents have been accustomed to
throw trash along the street when passing by, the whole town was always seen as
a contaminated site various types of waste. Efforts of Mining and Environment, as well as civil society organizations in waste management, has been looked as
an act of environmental cleanliness. Among others, providing trash cans in
public places. However, without the support of the community the production
total rubbish, the cleanliness of the environment remains a problem.
Agats capital
position is on the shores of the Bay Flamingo precision and almost drowned in
the water when the saltwater of the Mediterranean tide. When the water receded,
leaving a puddle of water and marshland garbage that pollutes the environment
in totality. Few of the total households have special behaviour in positively
addressing waste by performing regular burning. The rest allow any kind of
rubbish strewn in the yard, the tide will spread to the household waste every
corner of the city. With muddy marshland conditions, almost impossible Agats
developed as agricultural land, "farmers" have to work extra to have
the land looking for a bit far from the shoreline, so avoid tidal inundation.
The farmers not only have to find a plot of land far from the location of
residence, but must burn the ground, flipped and then wait for some time, so
that the land is worth planting. While the tide is on the turn of the year is
always flooded plants, so vegetables can not be picked, "crop
failure" almost every year. While hoards of people make the garden soil in
the yard to plant vegetables or by utilizing the former boat and flower pots.
The price of land - a partridge nest - per sack Rp. 20,000,00, the problem is
when it did not rain in the past two weeks, the plant will be short of water,
wither, and die without success.
Agricultural
products in the context of household consumption met by buying in the market
after traders utilize the services of the transport ship, so the price of goods, as well as the cost of living, being so high. Price of a small bunch watercress,
where a pile of chillies - cayenne pepper - onion, garlic, tomatoes Rp.
5,000,00. The price of carrot sticks could reach Rp. 20,000,00 per stem, as
flown in from Merauke. The price of apples 1 Kg Rp. 35,000,00 priced red wine 1
Kg Rp. 100,000,00, price of mango 1 Kg Rp. 30,000,00 and fruits is only offered
when the ship entered the market. While the price of cosmetic and industrial
goods soared very high, due to high transportation costs, a tea box that can be
obtained at a price of Rp. 2,000,00 in Java, Agats has soared to Rp. 6,000,00
while the price of soft drinks including coca-cola, Fanta, sprite, coffee
cream, etc. is Rp. 6,000,00 cold soft drink price Rp. 7,000,00 per tin.
Soft drink or soft
drink favoured society and consume excessive trash left on the feast of the role
and pollutes the environment. In general, the waste is made very complex
problems, in particular, waste while offering hope for children who do not have
enough consumption needs of the family. In 2004 when the division began rolling
Asmat regency, the more days the population grew more than 150% of the original
population, the city blooms, developed into residential and office buildings.
The increase of population automatically increases waste production also systematically.
The trading more and more come to earn a living, among the merchants there who
have a relationship with a cans fence in Surabaya. Fence in question require
suppliers and build a network to the Asmat region, then the supplier cans also
networking with the kids scavenger, so tins also gain trade chain.
Law No. 13 of 2003
was not able to significantly eliminate the involvement of child labour. Is
there a law in the name of the country will bear action against a family that
did not have an opportunity to achieve prosperous life? Question of the
involvement of children is not simply a legal issue that can be prevented by setting
a statute. Child labour is a phenomenon of the accumulation of a very complex
issue, and latches between. By involving themselves with others as well as
cobwebs. A child Asmat will decide to work as scavengers, because they require
a medium of exchange that can serve to get just a food for consumption today.
Without any food that can be consumed today, the children will be faced with
the terrible hunger that result. Similarly, when they are engaged as labour in
selling fish or get sago in the woods. That engagement is a strategy in
order to maintain the continuity of life, the most basic strategy that can be
done by a human child.
Children are forced
to choose a risky strategy as workers, because the family is unable to meet the
basic needs of the most essential, the food that results directly to live. The
family is unable to meet daily food needs because they do not have adequate
human resources personnel on employment as full requirements. In this case the
authorities as a creator of jobs, the Government faced a very complex
obstacles, including the ability to absorb employment as a civil servant,
because hardly any Industry sector. Demanding requirements of the private
sector is more complicated and complex increasingly difficult to achieve by the
local community. Thus, a child labour becomes a bitter choice inevitable.
Yansen:
Scavengers Children
Morning city Agats split in the clear
sunshine and golden, about a week of rain never fell. The family that owns
about 10 blong water can still meet water needs with a decent, but the family
that owns the water tension is less than the amount that should be good downsize
so that water supplies can be maintained until the rain falls on the always
awaited. While the public has been waiting in line, carrying jerry cans water
company heading to drinking water with a quota of each individual can only
obtain one jerry can of water. Clear sunlight may mean a sign that today's rain
will not fall, a situation which is disturbing, because water plays an
important role in the day-to-day survival.
On the other side
of the sun will cast mould and moisture, so the houses gaba-gaba-walled and
thatch even look more clean and comfortable. Rainfall can drip through
the thatch roof that leaked all over the floor wood, grow mould and moisture.
Haru residents to work extra hard to clean the house when it was raining.
Yansen - a scavenger children - living aboard
a wooden-roofed houses and walled thatch belonging mama sister - Aunt-thatched
roof that is so broken, so families cover it with a tarp Yansen, so do not get
wet when it rains. Yansen never know for sure how old, because both parents had
never tried recorded date of birth, first issued certificates. When seen
physically, Yansen is a decent kid sitting in elementary school, grade IV or V.
School has over a year left, because he had to take part of his parents left
the village of Sawa Erma Yamas District can be reached about two hours driving
a speed boat to then settle in Agats, sister ride stay at home mother. One
thing that is common in this village, that there lived in the same house a few
families who are still bound kin relationships.
When the family
left the village Yansen Yamas, then they are directly exposed to the
consequences of releasing sago hamlets as far as two hours away by speedboat.
Yansen family lost their principal in order to obtain sago as material
consumption every day. Yansen father had to get another job to earn money, then
Tinus worked as a gardener in a noble family with a monthly income of about Rp.
800,000,00. Of this amount will be given to the wife of Rp. 200,000,00 to
finance their daily consumption, the rest of the income was never known where
to trace his wife, the wife has no right to know this, which is known to
Matilda, that Tinus never stopped smoking cigarettes.
With such a small
expenditure of money is impossible for Matilda to fund household eligibility
standards. The house where he stayed settled, even close relatives belong to a
volunteer, so he and the whole family can ride in this modest house. The house
belonged to a family Emil, like family Tinus, the Kampung Yamas since leaving
over fourteen years ago, practically Emil also left the village sago. At first
husband Emil, Patris was employed by the mission, for one reason or another
Patris resigned from the job. To make ends meet Emil worked as a housekeeper
with a revenue of Rp. 400,000,00 per month. This amount is not much different
when compared with spending money received Matilda, mother Yansen of her
husband. Although the number twice as large, but it was never enough to meet
the eligibility standards of consumption in the entire month. Empty rice is
very common. On certain days when Emil or Matilda earn money, they can buy fish
meal as a side dish as well as the consumption of sweet tea today.
In this situation
Yansen grow, shortages and simplicity become part of everyday life and blend in
attitude. That morning the warm sun through the roof of the house, blinding
Yansen, that the child awake with lazy, he fell asleep in the stall wall
insulated narrow one and a half meter high wooden mats and thin mattress that
had rotted. Old suitcase, garment bag and a pile of fabric piled in a corner.
Light has long been extinguished candle leaves no files, except the
loss of form of combustion. Yansen sleep with both parents and two siblings are
still small. This house consists of only one room that is partitioned into
three chambers and one open room with two furnaces in it. Floor of the house is
curved, but the owner did not have the ability to repair. Very expensive home
improvement costs not paid by the number of domestic salary of Rp. 400,000,00
per month or pay a gardener who had never known clearly by his wife.
Behind the house,
there is a patio for bathing and washing which has been weathered without a
protective wall. A tension of water, leaving only a few buckets of water to
household assets are very valuable, especially when it was raining. Now, the
tension was almost empty, Yansen family really waiting for rain. Emil was
making too rudimentary toilets on the home front, sideways to the left. WC
hygiene is very dependent on rainfall, when the blazing sky, the rain was also
down, then the condition of toilets have problems that are not easy. The
entrance road that connects the residence Yansen and highways is a plank of
wood are arranged irregularly and become very slippery when it rains. These
boards will disappear and drown when the tide, consequently Yansen family will
be stuck in the house and had to go out after the water receded.
Yansen That morning
routine, as usual, got up, stretched, heard whining sister who was barely a
year. Emil has been splitting firewood and cooking rice to eat empty today,
furnaces billowing smoke, exhaled fragrant rice is cooked, calling Yansen to
wake up. Yesterday afternoon he had helped Emil gathering wood under the rest of
the building under the bridge and split it into small bars and then dry them in
the loft, so the food rations today seems to be fulfilled. Yansen has helped
his family also to get five litres of clean water after two hours of waiting in
line at the post PAM located in a residential neighbourhood Asmat district
government officials, about one and a half kilometres from their home. He has
done a very good thing for this family in order to get clean water, while the
rain seemed reluctant to go down.
Now, the fire was
billowing, mark life in this house, although no side dishes, as well as a mug
of sweet tea. Today was pretty empty rice as a staple consumption, Yansen and
other family members will be advised of it. Emil must complete this important
task before he went to work as a housemaid. On Sunday he had to go worship, he
could get a day off and cook the rice after the sun rose high. Sometimes he
also burned sago, after getting in the market at a price of Rp. 10,000,00 per
piece. Other family members began to wake up one by one, her husband and
children Emil, and a grandmother who was old and weak. Unfolding doors blowing
fresh air, the mud came bustling sound of a dog barking, while over a wooden
bridge passing busy.
In the chambers
narrow and dimly lit, windowless Matilda kept busy taking care of her baby that
never stops moving or fussy, just a moment the baby was removed, then the child
will be busy playing the dirty water with bare body. Yansen should also take
care that her sister did not fall plunged into the mud, he loved his little
sister, even though the boy never stops troublesome. When Emil started handing
out rice on a plate, Yansen gain share anyway, even without a side dish of rice
that tasted delicious, as served in steaming hot conditions.
Sound frenzied
playground side of the bridge to make rice bribe Yansen share more quickly, as
a child he had a good time that is not owned by anyone who lives in this
house, which is played with peers. He can play the current, swim in the river water
brown, racing on the field, playing catapults or collect cans in every corner
of the city. Yansen does not need a shower, there is no sufficient supply of water
bath, she can bathe with her friends in the fast currents or when the calm
surface of the river changed. School longer than he left, Yansen never really
understood why a child should go to school and study hard. The family has not
given understanding, encouragement or opportunity to study, especially in the
pursuit of ideals. Yansen never knew what it was ideal, mom and dad never told
he just knew that today he can live life as it is, playing, happy and return
home. Tomorrow will come and he will play again.
Yansen only takes a
few minutes to finish the meal in the morning, then break through the door, his
little legs moving with agile through sheets arranged in a simple board, he is
too familiar with the road conditions are in principle concern. However,
because every day he passed this way, then Yansen become accustomed. On a side
street, in a building shaped substation ageing, it appears some Yansen age
children - under 15 years-amid some piles of mangoes waiting to be offered to
the buyer. Mango fruit was transported by ship from Merauke or Bade and a
refreshing fruit and interested buyers, because it has nothing to marshland
produces mangoes. The stacks of mango contains four seeds, sold for Rp.
10,000,00.
Yansen began to
join and converse with playmates, they never realize that when they are busy
playing, the children's age others were undergoing the process more seriously,
which is studying in school. Fundamental processes of sustainable and
functioning change or build a life absolutely. Yansen and some of his friends
aside yourself from the process without realizing, how fatal risk that will be borne
later. They still are a child to just be aware and no local authorities to make
them aware of, including the parties to the smallest, the party most
responsible for shaping the character and future of a child, the family. There
was no impression of anxiety in his countenance Yansen even though he knew that
consciously he left school and he also consciously see kids my age go to school-age - a process that is actually more fun than playing all-day -
Soon Yansen looked
down into the mud, he picked up the mound and then shaping it into small balls
and dried in the hot. The ball is a weapon to play catapults. However, do not
be late Yansen longer with the game, because Fepi, a friend from the village
who have dropped out of school Syuru looked closer, carrying bags of rice that
has been turned into bags cans of soft drinks. "Hey Yansen, you people
come? We pick the cans go, let's! "Came Fepi greet.
Approximately six
months ago, after leaving Yamas sago hamlets as well as timeless land for pound
sago, family Yansen dependent market to a market economy to feed. That means
that they have to pay with dollars every item needed to meet daily needs.
Living with reliance on sago hamlets in the village of residence is a separate
issue, but when the village was abandoned and sago concerned families had to
rely on the market economy, then came back a different issue. Price needs a
very high and a small wage which is never enough to cover the necessities of
life and nutrition of children, because the children have to be very clever to
find a gap to feed itself, regardless of family responsibilities. One of the
openings through which the child is to collect cans and sell them to a fence at
a price sufficiently to meet the needs of today's meal.
The kids look at each
other, assess and imitate him comrades who were in the neighbourhood. When he
realized that the behaviour is beneficial and profitable, it will make it more
sustainable behaviour. Yansen Similarly, when six months ago on a whim Fepi
invited to participate get cans, gathered in large numbers, beat up a
flat, take it to a receiver located in Aut bus market, bargaining, weighing,
and receive an amount in accordance with the selling price cans ranging from
Rp. 5,000,00 per kilogram. Yansen felt a pleasure I never experienced before,
the satisfaction of getting the money obtained by his efforts alone. That money
can then be exchanged for a pack of yellow rice and soft drinks, the essential
needs of today, is eating and drinking can be fulfilled without any interference
from the family. Although Yansen not go scavenge every day, but the opportunity
to make her understand a way to meet the most basic needs of life, the need to
eat. Yansen go scavenging conformed to the will of the heart, when the mood is
good and he has the urge to go, he'll go. If he was lazy, while supplies are
still enough to eat at home, so he will spend all day playing without much
effort looking for cans to get money for lunch pack.
Yansen seemed to
weigh a few moments, before he responded with a nod Fepi bid. "Wait, take tin the day before yesterday!" Yansen back moves nimbly back
home, not long after he had returned with a bag containing cans of rice that
has been flattened, having been pounded. "Let's walk", and as it has been
for more than six months ago, Yansen began to move down the city streets,
collect cans of coca-cola, sprite, Fanta, pocary sweet, coffee cream, green
sand, and tin cans other soft drinks. Additional bins can be observed to obtain
useful, it is often the children had to go down into the mud to collect cans
scattered in the corners of the bridge pillars, pillars at the corners of the
house, litter boxes or in the vicinity incinerator.
The smell of foul odours from waste is an integral part, but the second child or children other
scavengers never cared. They know that the tin cans that have economic value
and useful to meet the daily consumption. Over two hours of their walk, the
foot began to feel tired, they find a shady tree, taking a break while banging
on cans to flat with a hard object. But they did not rest much longer, after
all the cans being flat, they go back a step forward to collect tin cans until
the sun rose high.
The atmosphere in
the streets was crowded by pedestrians, cyclists, and electric motorcycles
passing by. Including pedestrians and Yansen Fepi have to walk carefully, two
meters wide plank bridge no longer qualifies as a pre means walking city with a
population of approximately 18,000 inhabitants. Before the division of the
population of the district is not as dense, but the division provide employment
opportunities as well as the expansion of the region. Local residents no longer
able to take aim on foot, there are temporary residents riding bicycles, there
is also a driving electric motor. As a result of road traffic becomes very
congested.
Sun was still
blazing when Fepi and Yansen finished banging tin cans under a shady tree. So
they agreed to go to the market to sell the cans to the fence that has been
well known. When Fepi and Yansen respectively held cans in the bag, fence
immediately receives and considers relevant. "Three pounds, one pound four
thousand dollars", Fepi receive cash payments of Rp. 12,000,00. While tin
cans belonging Yansen amount almost equal to Fepi, Yansen received Rp.
11,000,00.
Cash payment was
received with pleasure, hunger causes the children rushed to the stall that
sells rice packets. All the money spent to buy the rice packets, each child two
packs and drinking water. Both ran under a tree located on the edge of the field
and immediately enjoy the work today.
Both Fepi and Yansen immeasurable satisfaction with two packs of yellow rice
with a side dish of fried noodles and fish were obtained from the results of
his labours. Family life is not much different Fepi with Yansen families, as
well as other scavengers child's life. Life does not give pleasure Rice packs,
eaten with relish, as well as meet the nutritional needs of energy, so it works
as a scavenger of children is the answer, when the daily consumption needs even
not well catered for by the responsible party.
Even though Yansen
and Fepi do not have a specific time and day to go scavenging, but tin cans gives
a possibility to survive. On the day when Yansen feel happy to go scavenging,
it will go scavenging, perhaps in the morning, afternoon or evening-except - On
a day when she was reluctant, he will be playing throughout the day, helping
Emil gather firewood, fetch water or help gardening on land that is quite far
from where she lived. When the tide, then it will sink gardens, crops damaged,
so that Emil had to work hard caring for the garden again. The damage is
sometimes made Emil desperate, so he did not entirely rely on their gardens
alive. Farming is a very difficult job.
Above, the sun was
still blazing, either Fepi Yansen and begin to understand what it means hot,
they also not losing my mind. Both were rushed to a hundred-meter long flyover
which is located in the office complex missionaries. Under the bridge, there is
the creek when the tide flows in the river became so tight and challenging for
the game to survive in the water. When the water receded before the turbulent
surface with ripple as coffee milk.
Brown muddy river water, no river with crystal clear water in this place. But
the brownish water was very exciting for the children to play, including the
Yansen and Fepi. The river water is at once a response to the lack of rainwater in the house, the river water was fun and refreshing.
Both of them do not
know exactly how long wallow in the water, while children aged peers were also
joined. What could be more fun for the kids, but the excitement of playing with
peers? Yansen too excited just yet, so a life lived as it is. Day after day
will pass with fun things that can be reached, life beyond the reach of thought
a child was never questioned. He did not even understand that every child is
entitled or required to have ideals, so he will try with all his heart after
him. Life today is for today, tomorrow will come and rotates as the time that
has passed, there is no need ideals for the future, the most fundamental is to
meet today's consumer. Two packs of yellow rice with the results obtained by
selling cans is enough as an answer.
Yansen came out of
his game when he began to feel the cold, the sun was beginning to skew in the
west. Yansen knew he had to help Emil queue at the post five litres of water
intact water company to eat and drink the next day. The child was soon to
finish the game, leaving Fepi and others and walked back to her house, her
clothes are half wet her laptop while her shorts were soaked. Yansen does not care
about his appearance, he kept walking back down the overpass, heading down the
steep runway plank bridge and keep going. He ran into the middle holding
Matilda Rose, the little guy with an empty five-litre genes on one hand. Yansen
does not say much, he immediately breaks into the house, grabbed an empty gene and
join Matilda to get drinking water. They had to go back down the wooden bridge
towards the water company located around the Asmat government housing.
Today began the
evening twilight, towards dark when Yansen and Matilda get two genes drinking
water, they had to rush back home before dark really coming or rapidly changing
weather and rain suddenly fell. Dim atmosphere refracts into the household when
Yansen, Matilda, and Ros slammed himself on the wooden floor. They have to know
the real meaning when night came, the dark is absolutely perfect especially
when in the middle of death. PLN machine has three months off, due to technical
malfunction, which houses the generator facilities with a glowing light to the
thundering sound of engines. But the houses are not equipped with enough
generators rely on candles or lamps as a means of illumination. Emil had come
home with a generator, electrical installation remains, blackened by smoke. The
generator was submerged when the water rises and can not rumble again, it means
Emil damage can also save money, because the price of treason are very
expensive, the price of gasoline is $ 10,000,00 per litre. Even if the
generator was still working, would no longer be able to work, because he was
after her husband resigned from missionary work in the office, Emil can no
longer buy fuel.
The night walk with
slow, silent Yansen in the house, he seemed to get lost in the dim light of
candles as the only light in the house. Smoke was still billowing furnaces,
Emil managed to get a whole pile of yams at Rp. 10,000,00. Ubi it will be a
dinner menu for the rest of the house, he had to share it with the flat and
grateful that this day still get a blessing. When the sweet potatoes had been
cooked Yansen get part of the cut, which was deliciously sweet, because it was
hot and tender. He still wants more sweet hot but he is not alone, there are
about eleven people live crammed in a small house, the food should be divided
equally.
Yansen does not have to
tell you, if he had lunch a couple of packs of yellow rice in the field with
the money earned from picking up cans. He was never told or prohibited the
family in terms of picking up cans, no reason for it. He does not have to be
responsible for the results obtained or what can be purchased, the entire
result is his and he can spend as they wish. After enjoying sweet body parts
Yansen feel tired, she just felt tired after a day of activity. He would fall
asleep and wake up the next morning with a plan that is not much different from
today, he can play the current, racing, go scavenging or not in accordance with
her wishes. Nothing heavy to weigh on his mind, his world is a world of
children that can not be encumbered by any mind.
Outside the night
is slowly being dissolved, the occasional sound of a dog barking, the air turned
out to be hot, very hot a sign that it would rain. Yansen drifted off to sleep,
he had lost all consciousness, and drifted to dreamland when the rain starting
to fall.
***
Yansen is one
scavenger profiles of children who appear in the capital Agats, after Yansen
there are about 40 children in the same occupation and background of family
life more or less similar, working as scavengers to feed today. In addition to
working as scavengers, children seem also worked as a fishmonger, even and
go crawl into the ocean to join her parents at risk of drowning or dead prey to
crocodiles. School children usually take the time to capture the holiday, while
selling fish is the work charged to the parents in the afternoon. After the two
above mentioned work, the involvement of children Asmat especially in the field
of labour is participating in the foraging - go get sago in the
woods - a period of three days to three months. Sago is the staple food of the
Asmat can be obtained by going get sago on customary rights land into the
family concerned.
When children leave
to participate parents get sago, the practical learning process stalled.
Human Resources Development stalled with the risk to be borne directly or
indirectly by the child as well as by the local government authorities managing
human resources. Asmat involvement of children as workers, either as
scavengers, crawler, fish sellers and sago memangur hazard. Those jobs,
threaten the health, safety, fun world of children, as well as inhibiting the
process of learning that contributes directly to bring children into a better
life and filled with hope.
As for the children
who are involved in working get sago, capture as well as selling fish.
They got the consent of the parents, because the situation is difficult to
anticipate everyday life. Children are not suppressed or banned, they
act according to the heart's desire and instinctual impulses and the ability to
adapt the difficulty of living as well as the conditions in the neighbourhood.
The surrounding communities understand, Agats or Asmat is living life to the
level of difficulty is very high. Position and geographical conditions that are
difficult to reach, the lack of public awareness in education, human resources
and employment opportunities are limited, the food prices continue to climb -
reaching the point of being scary - and the increasingly urgent needs of life,
giving the possibility for a child to do anything in the said demands.
Children working in
the Asmat region Agats or are children who move with the flow of life without
knowing where the direction to go. They do not even understand, that the ideals
for tomorrow should be there. Children work today, taking revenue today,
tomorrow, looking again. There are many ways to meet the needs of today's
consumer, the environment offers, kids can choose as scavengers, crawler and
fish retailer or go get sago. Children remain a topic of discussion is
interesting, given that the presence of a child as well as a guarantee for the
survival of a nation. Children, including children in the city Agats scavengers,
are the next generation who will determine the good and bad situations Agats
forward.
CLOSING
The law Number. 13 of 2003 was not able to
significantly eliminate the involvement of child labour. Is there a law in the
name of the country will bear action against a family that did not have an
opportunity to achieve prosperous life? Question of the involvement of children
is not simply a legal issue that can be prevented by setting a statute. Child labour is a phenomenon of the accumulation of a very complex issue, and latches
with each other as well as cobwebs. A child Asmat will decide to work as
scavengers, because they require a medium of exchange that can serve to get
just a food for consumption today. Without any food that can be consumed today,
the children will be faced with the terrible hunger that result. Similarly,
when they are engaged as labour in selling fish or get sago in the woods. That
engagement is a strategy in order to maintain the continuity of life, the most
basic strategy that can be done by a human child.
Children are forced
to choose a risky strategy as workers, because the family is unable to meet the
basic needs of the most essential, the food that results directly to live.
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